European Facility For Airborne Research April 4, 2025, 16:33
backscatter: Scattering of radiation (or particles) through angles greater than 90° with respect to the original direction of motion.
band-to-band co-registration: Describes the geometric matching of different spectral bands of one image or scene.
bandwidth: Width of a spectral feature as measured by a spectroscopic instrument.
batch processing: Pertaining to the technique of executing a set of computer programs such that each program of the set is completed before the next program of the set is started; loosely, sequential processing.
bidirectional reflectance: A unitless measure of the ratio of incoming to outgoing radiation created from converting a radiometrically calibrated image to an innate characteristic of the target being observed. After removing the atmospheric component of calibrated at-satellite spectral radiance, bidirectional reflectance distribution functions (BRDFs), bidirectional reflectance, and bidirectional reflectance factors (BRF) attempt to take into account target-related differences in reflectance as a function of four sources of variability of non-Lambertian surfaces: solar zenith and azimuthal irradiance angles and sensor viewing zenith and azimuthal angles.
BIL: Band Interleaved by Line. A common data format used in hyperspectral remote sensing where the pixel information is stored band by band for each line.
black body: An ideal body which, if it existed, would be a perfect absorber and a perfect radiator, absorbing all incident radiation, reflecting none, and emitting radiation at all wavelengths.
BRDF: Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (see bidirectional reflectance).
BRF: Bidirectional Reflectance Factors (see bidirectional reflectance).
boresight alignment: A process of adjusting the optical axis to the centre of the Field of View.
BSQ: Band SeQuential. A common data format used in hyperspectral remote sensing where the data is stored band by band.